What is the meaning of "pole of time" here?

Mine host is a well-worn phrase for a landlord, dating back certainly to Shakespeare if not before. (See here for an example)

There is a question of translation here. We would need to know what the Russian word was and what it meant.

Pole is an obsolete unit of measure, but generally of length — one pole is 5½ yards. However, MW has a definition "a varying unit of length", so presumably it isn't always 5½ yards.

Given the rather esoteric language here — and the idiomatic use of “Mine host” here and “fine example!” in an earlier question — it is probably an accurate translation. It wouldn't surprise me if it's simply using an archaic word to mean "unit" or "measure".